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1.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-91085

RESUMO

Introducción. En el anciano se conocen numerosas variables asociadas a la utilización de consultas, si bien hay discrepancias sobre su efecto como predictoras de nuevas visitas. El objetivo del estudio ha sido conocer la capacidad predictiva de un modelo de uso de consultas en población >= 65 años atendida en AP. Material y métodos. Se estudian 207 pacientes. Las variables de resultado son «Visitas al centro de salud» y «Visitas a urgencias del hospital», analizadas asimismo como predictiva una de otra. Otras variables predictivas son la edad, el género y la comorbilidad. Mediante regresión múltiple se elaboran 14 modelos multivariantes, expresándose el valor del coeficiente R2, la reducción de la varianza que aporta cada variable y su significación estadística. Resultados. La capacidad predictiva mejora al estratificar, alcanzando el máximo rendimiento en el modelo «Visitas a urgencias en pacientes sin comorbilidad» (R2=0,251,p<0,000). Ambos tipos de visitas se correlacionan significativamente con la edad, la comorbilidad y entre ambas. Son las variables más predictivas, con una capacidad explicativa que llega al 17,6%, mientras que la comorbilidad alcanza el 11,8%. Conclusiones. Aunque los modelos son precisos, las variables analizadas son insuficientes para predecir el uso de consultas en el anciano, pues tan sólo explican un 25% de la variabilidad final. Dentro de esa capacidad explicativa, se observa que una visita previa es un potente predictor de una visita futura, especialmente en 3 estratos: mujeres, < 75 años y pacientes sin comorbilidad. La edad y la comorbilidad son más predictoras de futuras visitas en hombres que en mujeres (AU)


Introduction. Several variables associated with the use of health services by the elderly are already known, although there is disagreement on their effect as predictors of new visits. The aim of this study was to determine the prediction power of a model of use of consultations in people ¡Ý 65years attended in primary care. Material and methods. A total of 207 patients of both genders were studied. Outcome variables were visits to the primary care centre and visits to hospital emergency services, both also analysed as predictive of one another. Other predictive variables were age, gender and comorbidity. A multiple regression analysis was performed using 14 multivariate models. Results. The predictive ability improved with stratification and reached the highest performance in the model ¡°Visits to hospital emergency services in patients without comorbidity¡± (R2=0,251, P<.000). Both types of visits were significantly correlated with age, comorbidity, and between themselves. These were the most predictive variables (up to 17.6%), whereas comorbidity contributed up to 11.8%. Conclusions. Despite the accuracy of the models, these variables are insufficient to predict new consultations in the elderly, because they hardly explain 25% of the final variability. Within the predictive ability, it was shown that a prior visit is a powerful predictor of a future visit, particularly in three strata: women, < 75years and patients without comorbidity. Age and comorbidity are stronger predictors of future visits in men than in women (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Encaminhamento e Consulta/tendências , Comorbidade , Atenção Primária à Saúde/métodos , Modelos Lineares , Estudos Transversais/métodos
2.
Nutr Hosp ; 26(2): 345-54, 2011.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21666973

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Population ageing is a main concern under the biosanitary point of view. AIM: To assess the nutritional status of people 65 year-old and older in Cantabria (Spain) METHOD: A total of 1605 persons were studied by means of the MNA (Mini Nutritional Assessment); a) by primary care (59.9% in the unit, and 4.7% at home) and, b) in nursing homes (35.4%). RESULTS: Nutritional score (NS) was 23.4 ± 4.1 for women and 24.4 ± 4 in males (p < 0.001). We emphasize the fact that 22.3% of people studied in the nursing homes were malnourished or at risk of malnutrition, compared with 14.2% of those studied at the unit, and only 3.3% of the home visited elders. The correlation between the value of the NS and the subjective estimation of nutrition status showed a high value (0.65). We emphasize the negative correlation (-0.53) between BNI value and the incidence of skin lesions. CONCLUSION: Our results highlight the importance of identifying malnutrition or its risk in elders in order to prevent the negative consequences of this deficiency.


Assuntos
Idoso/estatística & dados numéricos , Estado Nutricional , Fatores Etários , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Peso Corporal/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Desnutrição/epidemiologia , Casas de Saúde , Avaliação Nutricional , População , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Fatores Sexuais , Espanha/epidemiologia
3.
Nutr. hosp ; 26(2): 345-354, mar.-abr. 2011. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-94582

RESUMO

Introducción: El envejecimiento de la población representa uno de los retos más importantes desde el punto de vista biosanitario Objetivo: Valorar el estado nutricional de las personas de 65 y más años de Cantabria. Métodos: Un total de 1605 personas fueron evaluadas por medio del MNA; a) en atención primaria (59,9% en la consulta y 4,7% en domicilios) y, b) en residencias de ancianos (35,4%).Resultados: La puntuación nutricional (PN) obtenida de la suma de los ítems del MNA fue 23,4 ± 4,1 para las mujeres y 24,4 ± 4 en los varones (p < 0,001). Destaca el hecho de que el 22,3% de las personas estudiadas en residencias está malnutrida o en riesgo de malnutrición, frente al 14,2% de las que acuden a consulta, y sólo el3,3% de las estudiadas en su domicilio. La correlación entre los valores de la PN y la apreciación subjetiva del estado de nutrición mostró un valor elevado (0,65). Destacamos la correlación negativa (-0,53) entre los valores del IMC y la incidencia de lesiones cutáneas. Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados indican la importancia de la identificación de la desnutrición o su riesgo, en personas mayores, por las consecuencias negativas que presenta este estado carencial (AU)


Introduction: Population ageing is a main concern under the biosanitary point of view. Aim: To assess the nutritional status of people 65 year old and older in Cantabria (Spain) Method: A total of 1605 persons were studied by means of the MNA (Mini Nutritional Assessment); a) by primary care (59.9% in the unit, and 4.7% at home) and, b) in nursing homes (35.4%).Results: Nutritional score (NS) was 23.4 ± 4.1 for women and 24.4 ± 4 in males (p < 0.001). We emphasize the fact that 22.3% of people studied in the nursing homes were malnourished or at risk of malnutrition, compared with 14.2% of those studied at the unit, and only 3.3% of the home visited elders. The correlation between the value of the NS and the subjective estimation of nutrition status showed a high value (0.65).We emphasize the negative correlation (-0.53) between BNI value and the incidence of skin lesions. Conclusion: Our results highlight the importance of identifying malnutrition or its risk in elders in order to prevent the negative consequences of this deficiency (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Estado Nutricional , Saúde do Idoso , Avaliação Geriátrica/métodos , Avaliação Nutricional , Índice de Massa Corporal , Fatores de Risco , Envelhecimento
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